A Computer is an electronic device which accepts data
through input devices (keyboard) process it in CPU (central processing unit)
& produces the result through output devices. (Monitor)Keyboard – CPU – MonitorInput – Process – OutputData – Process – Output
WHAT IS DATA ?
Data is a raw fact which is a number or symbol or any name
of a person.
WHAT IS INFORMATION
It is the meaningful data after process the data are
converted to information.
CHARACTERISTIC OF COMPUTER?
Speed: Computer performs complex
calculation at a very high speed. This speed varies from a few micro second to
nanoseconds. This is the major factor, which is mainly responsible for the
development of computers. Fractions of a Second:1
Millisecond = 1/1000th of a Second
(10-3)1 Microsecond
= 1/1000000th of a Second (10-6)1 Nanosecond
= 1/1000000000th of a Second (10-9)1 Pico Second
= 1/1000000000000th of a Second (10-12)
Storage capability: The computers have the ability to
store a huge amount of data in its secondary devices like floppy and hard disk.
The stored information also can retrieve immediately. This helps in analyzing
data and taking quick decisions. The storing capacity of computer is expressed
in Bytes. Normally one byte stores one character of data.
0,
1
= 1 Bit
0,
1
= 1 Bit
4
Bits
= 1 Nibble
8 Bits (2 Nibble)
= 1 Byte
1 Byte
= 1 Character
1024 Byte
= 1 KB (Kilo Byte)
1024 KB
= 1 MB (Mega Byte)
1024
MB
= 1 GB (Giga Byte)
1024 GB
= 1 TB (Tera Byte)
Accuracy: Computers are very accurate. We know that the computer perform any task under the set of instruction called program. So, it does not do anything without program. Thus, it can perform any operation accurately.
Computer always gives 100% actual output (result), if the user provides correct input and instructions. If any mistake occurs in any calculation they are due to manual error but not of computer. Since it is 100% accurate, it is reliable.
Versatility: Computers are being used in different fields such as offices, schools, hospitals etc. to perform various tasks. Versatile means ability to perform various task and computer can capable to do so. A computer can process any kind of data.
Reliability: Computer output is generally very reliable, if the input data and instruction is correct. Incorrect data and unreliable programs give us computer errors and wrong results. Since the computer is 100% accurate, it is reliable.
COMPUTER SYSTEM
All of the components of a computer system can be summarized with the simple equations.COMPUTER SYSTEM = HARDWARE + SOFTWARE+ HUMANWAREWhat is Hardware
Hardware = Internal Devices + Peripheral DevicesAll physical parts of the computer (or everything that we can touch) are known as Hardware. It is just the mechanical parts of the Computer. All the devices attached to the Computer system like: Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor, CPU, Motherboard, Hard Disk are hardware. It includes all the components used to make the computer. It also includes the cables, connectors and computer peripherals. e.g; Input device, Output device, Process Unit. Memory Unit.Input device : These are called read only device because it reads the data from the user & transmit to the computer
e.g; Keyboard, Scanner, Mouse, Joystick, Light pen, Touch Screen, BCR (Bar Code Reader)
Keyboard : It looks like a type writer containing different keys.
e.g.; Alphabets (A to Z)Number (0 to 9)
Symbol - + = ‘“<? [ ] { } ( )
Function Keys (F1 to F12)
Special Symbols - * ^ % # @ ! _\ | ~ ` /
Special Keys : Arrows Keys –There are 4 arrows keys which help to move the cursor to four directions.
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